¿Qué es la Geolocalización?

$ curl "https://api.ip2location.io/?key={YOUR_API_KEY}&ip=192.168.1.3"

{
    "ip": "192.168.1.3",
    "country_code": "-",
    "country_name": "-",
    "region_name": "-",
    "district": "-",
    "city_name": "-",
    "latitude": null,
    "longitude": null,
    "zip_code": "-",
    "time_zone": "-",
    "asn": "-",
    "as": "-",
    "isp": "Private IP Address LAN",
    "domain": "-",
    "net_speed": "-",
    "idd_code": "-",
    "area_code": "-",
    "weather_station_code": "-",
    "weather_station_name": "-",
    "mcc": "-",
    "mnc": "-",
    "mobile_brand": "-",
    "elevation": 0,
    "usage_type": "RSV",
    "address_type": "Unicast",
    "ads_category": "IAB24",
    "ads_category_name": "Uncategorized",
    "continent": {
        "name": null,
        "code": null,
        "hemisphere": null,
        "translation": {
            "lang": null,
            "value": null
        }
    },
    "country": {
        "name": null,
        "alpha3_code": null,
        "numeric_code": null,
        "demonym": null,
        "flag": null,
        "capital": null,
        "total_area": null,
        "population": null,
        "currency": {
            "code": null,
            "name": null,
            "symbol": null
        },
        "language": {
            "code": null,
            "name": null
        },
        "tld": null,
        "translation": {
            "lang": null,
            "value": null
        }
    },
    "region": {
        "name": "-"
    },
    "city": {
        "name": "-",
        "translation": {
            "lang": null,
            "value": null
        }
    },
    "time_zone_info": {
        "olson": null,
        "current_time": null,
        "gmt_offset": null,
        "is_dst": null,
        "sunrise": null,
        "sunset": null
    },
    "geotargeting": {
        "metro": null
    },
    "is_proxy": false,
    "fraud_score": 0,
    "proxy": {
        "last_seen": 0,
        "proxy_type": "-",
        "threat": "-",
        "provider": "-",
        "is_vpn": false,
        "is_tor": false,
        "is_data_center": false,
        "is_public_proxy": false,
        "is_web_proxy": false,
        "is_web_crawler": false,
        "is_residential_proxy": false,
        "is_consumer_privacy_network": false,
        "is_enterprise_private_network": false,
        "is_spammer": false,
        "is_scanner": false,
        "is_botnet": false
    }
}